Which of the following are economic effects of pollution?

The correct answer encompasses all the options provided, indicating that pollution has a wide-ranging impact on the economy. Each of the listed effects contributes to the overall economic burden created by pollution.

Increased operational costs by facilities occur as businesses often need to invest more in compliance with environmental regulations, upgrade equipment to reduce emissions, or implement waste management practices to mitigate pollution. This increases their costs of doing business.

Increased medical costs arise from the health issues associated with exposure to pollutants. These health problems can result in lost wages due to missed work and reduce productivity, directly impacting economic output. Additionally, crop damage leads to losses in the agricultural sector, which can also have a ripple effect on food supply and prices.

Damage to property, equipment, and facilities occurs when pollution leads to deterioration of assets due to corrosive substances or environmental conditions. For instance, air and water pollution can lead to increased maintenance and repair costs, further affecting profitability.

Thus, recognizing that pollution affects not only health and environment but also significantly burdens the economy through various pathways is key. Therefore, combining all these elements highlights the comprehensive economic impact of pollution, validating the selection of the correct answer.