What must be considered when selecting a radiation shielding material?

Selecting a radiation shielding material requires careful consideration of the type of material and the radiation intensity it needs to shield against. Different types of radiation—such as alpha, beta, gamma, and neutron radiation—interact with materials in unique ways. For example, materials such as lead are effective against gamma radiation because of their high atomic number and density, while other materials may be more effective against beta particles or neutrons. The intensity of the radiation, which refers to the amount and energy of radiation present, also directly influences the thickness and density of the shielding needed. Therefore, understanding both the specific type of radiation and its intensity is crucial in choosing the appropriate shielding material to ensure safety and effectiveness in radiation protection.