What form of waste management includes the recovery and reuse of materials?

The form of waste management that encompasses the recovery and reuse of materials is recycling. This process involves collecting waste materials, processing them, and transforming them into new products. Through recycling, valuable raw materials are extracted from discarded items instead of sending them to landfills, thus reducing the volume of waste and conserving natural resources.

Recycling not only helps in waste reduction but also minimizes environmental impact by lowering greenhouse gas emissions and decreasing the need for new materials, which often require significant energy to extract and process. By focusing on recovering valuable materials such as metals, plastics, and paper, recycling plays a crucial role in promoting a circular economy where materials are kept in use for as long as possible. This leads to more sustainable consumption and production patterns.