What are the two types of cross connections?

Cross connections refer to any actual or potential connection between a public water supply and a source of contamination. Understanding the types of cross connections is crucial for preventing backflow and ensuring safe drinking water.

The correct answer identifies direct and indirect cross connections as the two primary types. A direct cross connection happens when a potable water supply is directly linked to a non-potable source, posing an immediate risk of contamination. Examples include hoses connected to polluted sources or directly submerged in tanks with contaminated water. In contrast, an indirect cross connection occurs when there is a potential for backflow due to a drop in water pressure, which might allow contaminated water to be siphoned back into the drinking water system. An example of indirect cross connection is when a hose is used without proper air gaps or backflow prevention devices.

Recognizing these distinctions helps in devising strategies to protect water quality and public health.